- Ecologie des milieux aquatiques et littoraux : Ecosystèmes aquatiques continentaux
- Ecologie des milieux aquatiques et littoraux : espèces envahissantes macrophytes
Invasiveness of exotic macrophytes species now causes acute environmental problems in lakes around the world. In recent decades, the colonization of Aquitaine lakes by Egeria densa and Lagarosiphon major tends to affect ecological functions and to disturb various human activities, with potential consequences on the regional biodiversity and economy. Hundreds of m3 are yearly harvested, but without any valorization of the plant biomasses. Aquatic plants however have increasingly been shown to provide accessible sources of natural bioactive compounds with potential industrial applications, in relation notably with the antioxidant activities of polyphenols. Such molecules have also been shown to allelopathically affect epiphytic communities, phytoplankton, other plants and herbivores to ensure the competitive success of invasive macrophytes.
In this context, the main objectives of the BECAME project are:
to run a screening of the main phytochemicals present in E. densa and L. major, with a particular focus on the phenolic compounds;
to investigate if such compounds are involved in the competitive success of these two species, with a focus on plant-plant interactions (competition through allelopathy);
to determine if these (or some of these) compounds are of industrial interest (pharmaceutic, cosmetology, green herbicides…), in order to valorise the harvested biomasses.